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Compras circulares

Diseñar el fin de vida (EOL) antes de la instalación del campo

Lo que sucede con un campo de césped artificial al final de su vida se decide en gran medida años antes: en el diseño, la elección del producto y el contrato. Esta sección muestra dónde se toman esas decisiones y qué debe quedar por escrito para que el resultado sea verificable.

01

Modelo de adquisición de ciclo de vida

Doce puntos de decisión desde el diseño hasta el destino final. Cada etapa enumera quién decide, qué se decide y qué debe registrarse.

  1. 01

    Design

    The field concept, performance requirements and system build-up are set.

    Quién decide: Client, adviser, sports federation requirements

    Decisiones tomadas: System type, infill function, shockpad choice, drainage and sub-base build-up.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Almost every later separation problem is decided here.

    Qué especificar: Separability of layers, declared materials per layer, a required material passport.

    Qué registrar: Design brief, chosen system build-up, reasoning for each layer.

    Fallo común: End-of-life is treated as a later operational issue instead of a design requirement.

  2. 02

    Product selection

    A specific turf system, infill and shockpad are chosen.

    Quién decide: Client, adviser, supplier

    Decisiones tomadas: Yarn polymer, backing type and coating, infill material, shockpad type.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Mixed polymers and bonded coatings reduce what can later be separated and recycled.

    Qué especificar: Declared polymer per component, coating type, recycled content with evidence.

    Qué registrar: Product data sheets, declared composition, supplier statements and their evidence label.

    Fallo común: A single "recyclable" claim replaces a component-level declaration.

  3. 03

    Procurement

    The tender and contract are written and awarded.

    Quién decide: Contracting authority

    Decisiones tomadas: Award criteria, verification duties, take-back and end-of-life obligations.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): What is not required in the contract cannot be demanded at removal.

    Qué especificar: Passport delivery, take-back terms, named processing and final destination reporting.

    Qué registrar: Tender documents, clauses used, award justification.

    Fallo común: Circularity is scored as an intention rather than a verifiable obligation.

  4. 04

    Installation

    The field is built and the system is fixed in place.

    Quién decide: Contractor

    Decisiones tomadas: Seaming, glueing, anchoring, infill quantities actually applied.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Glue and unrecorded infill quantities create unknowns at removal.

    Qué especificar: As-built recording of quantities and fixing methods.

    Qué registrar: As-built passport update, delivery notes, infill tonnages.

    Fallo común: As-built data is never fed back into the passport.

  5. 05

    Operation

    The field is in use.

    Quién decide: Owner or operator

    Decisiones tomadas: Use intensity, additional infill top-ups.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Top-ups change the material mass and mixture present at removal.

    Qué especificar: Logging of every material added.

    Qué registrar: Top-up records with material, date and quantity.

    Fallo común: Top-ups are invisible in the record.

  6. 06

    Maintenance

    Cleaning, decompaction and repairs take place.

    Quién decide: Maintenance contractor

    Decisiones tomadas: Cleaning method, infill removal and replacement, repair materials.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Removed infill can leave the field as an undocumented waste stream.

    Qué especificar: Reporting of removed and replaced material and where it went.

    Qué registrar: Maintenance reports with quantities and destinations.

    Fallo común: Material removed during maintenance is never traced.

  7. 07

    Material changes

    Components are replaced during the lifetime.

    Quién decide: Owner, contractor

    Decisiones tomadas: Partial replacement of infill, shockpad or turf sections.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): The field at removal no longer matches the field that was installed.

    Qué especificar: Update of the passport after every change.

    Qué registrar: Change log per component.

    Fallo común: The passport is treated as a one-off document.

  8. 08

    Removal

    The field is taken out.

    Quién decide: Owner, removal contractor

    Decisiones tomadas: Removal method, separation on site, temporary storage.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Removal method determines whether fractions can still be separated.

    Qué especificar: Separation requirements and a ban on undocumented storage.

    Qué registrar: Removal report, weighing tickets, photographs.

    Fallo común: Material is removed before a processing route is contracted.

  9. 09

    Collection

    The material is transported and consigned.

    Quién decide: Removal contractor, waste holder

    Decisiones tomadas: Waste classification, consignment, destination facility.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Collection is a transport event, not a recycling outcome.

    Qué especificar: Waste codes, consignment notes, receiving facility named.

    Qué registrar: Waste transfer documents per load.

    Fallo común: Collection is reported as recycling.

  10. 10

    Processing

    A facility separates or treats the material.

    Quién decide: Recycler

    Decisiones tomadas: Separation technology, output fractions, residue handling.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Shredding alone does not make a stream recycled.

    Qué especificar: Mass balance per input load: inputs, outputs, residues.

    Qué registrar: Facility mass balance and output specification.

    Fallo común: Shredding output is counted as recycled tonnage.

  11. 11

    Secondary material

    Output fractions become products or feedstock.

    Quién decide: Recycler, off-taker

    Decisiones tomadas: Specification, testing, acceptance by a market.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Produced is not the same as sold and used.

    Qué especificar: Output specification, test results, named off-taker.

    Qué registrar: Sales or transfer records per fraction.

    Fallo común: Stockpiled output is presented as a secondary raw material.

  12. 12

    Final destination

    The material reaches its actual last application.

    Quién decide: Off-taker, end user

    Decisiones tomadas: Where the material is physically used, burned or disposed of.

    Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): This is the only stage that determines what actually happened.

    Qué especificar: Evidence of the final application per fraction.

    Qué registrar: Verified final destination statement with evidence.

    Fallo común: The chain is reported up to the recycler and stops there.

02

Pasaporte de materiales y pasaporte de relleno CTE

Un pasaporte registra lo que está físicamente en el campo: fibras, soportes (backing), arena, relleno estabilizador y relleno de rendimiento, con cantidades y documentos adjuntos. El relleno estabilizador y el de rendimiento se registran por separado porque el relleno es una función, no un material único.

Aún no se ha publicado ningún pasaporte de campo. La estructura está en su lugar; los pasaportes se añadirán a medida que los datos del proyecto con documentos estén disponibles.

Estructura del pasaporte

  • Yarn polymer
  • Primary backing
  • Secondary backing
  • Backing coating
  • Shockpad
  • Sand (t)
  • Stabilising infill
  • Stabilising infill (t)
  • Performance infill
  • Performance infill (t)
  • Total installed (t)
  • Planned end-of-life route
  • Planned final destination

03

Diseño para el desmontaje y diseño para el reciclaje

Opciones de diseño que deciden si las fracciones pueden separarse y reciclarse posteriormente.

Separable layers

Turf, shockpad and sub-base can be lifted apart without destroying each other.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Clean polymer and clean shockpad fractions can be routed separately.

Qué registrar: As-built record of the fixing method per layer.

Limited use of adhesives

Seams and perimeters are fixed with as little permanent adhesive as the system allows.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Less glue contamination in the recovered polymer.

Qué registrar: Seaming method recorded in the passport.

No undocumented materials

Nothing is installed that does not appear in the record.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): No unidentified fraction at removal.

Qué registrar: Change log kept current through the lifetime.

Removal plan written at design stage

How the field will be taken out is described before it goes in.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Fewer mixed loads and less temporary storage.

Qué registrar: Removal plan attached to the passport.

Single polymer family per component

Yarn, backing and coating are chosen from one polymer family where possible.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Higher chance of material recycling rather than downcycling.

Qué registrar: Declared polymer per component with supplier evidence.

Declared composition per component

Every component is declared by material, not by product name only.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Recyclers can plan a route before the field is removed.

Qué registrar: Passport with declarations per layer.

Infill choice and separability

Stabilising and performance infill are specified separately and chosen for recoverability.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Sand and performance infill can be recovered as separate fractions.

Qué registrar: Delivery notes with material and tonnage.

04

Planificado versus real al fin de vida (EOL)

La ruta planificada se registra en la adquisición; la ruta real se registra después de la retirada. Donde difieren, la diferencia se muestra en lugar de resolverse.

Aún no se ha publicado ninguna comparación completada entre lo planificado y lo real. Las comparaciones aparecerán una vez que se haya retirado un campo con pasaporte y se hayan rastreado sus fracciones.

05

Recogida

La recogida describe quién retira el material. No dice nada por sí misma sobre dónde acaba el material.

CTE Data noteLa recogida no es reciclaje. La colección no es reciclaje. El destino final determina lo que realmente sucedió.

Collection-only take-back

Removed turf, infill and shockpad are collected by or on behalf of the supplier.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Collection — outcome unknown

Evidencia solicitada: A take-back promise describes who removes the material, not what happens to it.

Take-back with named processing

Material is delivered to a specified permitted facility.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Processing known — final destination unknown

Evidencia solicitada: Knowing the facility is not the same as knowing the outcome.

Take-back with reported final destination

Material is processed and each fraction is reported to a named receiving party.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Final destination reported

Evidencia solicitada: Reported destinations still need evidence per fraction before they count as verified.

Take-back with verified final destination

Each fraction is followed to its actual application and the evidence is checked independently.

Consecuencia fin de vida (EOL): Final destination verified

Evidencia solicitada: This is the only level at which a circularity claim can be evidenced.

06

Biblioteca de cláusulas modelo

Ejemplo de redacción que hace que la circularidad sea verificable en lugar de declarativa. Estos son ejemplos, no asesoramiento legal; adáptelos a la ley nacional de contratación pública y hágalos revisar localmente.

passport

Material passport delivery

The contractor shall deliver a material passport listing every component of the installed system, stating for each component the material family, the exact material, the supplier, the quantity installed and the fixing method. The passport shall be delivered as an as-built document within [x] weeks of completion and shall be updated after every material change during the contract period.

Evidencia solicitada: As-built passport, delivery notes, product declarations.

Verificación: Acceptance of the works is conditional on passport delivery.

Modo de fallo abordado: Composition is unknown at removal.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

Component-level material declaration

For each component the contractor shall declare the polymer or material family. A statement that the system as a whole is recyclable shall not be accepted as a declaration.

Evidencia solicitada: Supplier declarations per component.

Verificación: Declarations checked against delivered products.

Modo de fallo abordado: A blanket recyclable claim replaces real data.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

takeback

Named processing facility

The contractor shall name, before award, the facility at which the removed material will be processed, together with its permit reference. A change of facility requires prior written approval.

Evidencia solicitada: Facility name, permit reference.

Verificación: Permit reference checked with the competent authority.

Modo de fallo abordado: Take-back with no known processing route.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

Final destination reporting

The contractor shall report, per material fraction, the actual final destination of the removed material, including the receiving party and the application in which the material was used. Reporting stops at the recycler only where the recycler is the final user.

Evidencia solicitada: Final destination statement per fraction.

Verificación: Documentary evidence per fraction; spot checks permitted.

Modo de fallo abordado: The chain is reported only as far as the recycler.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

No undocumented storage

Removed material shall not be placed in temporary storage other than at a permitted site named in advance, and storage beyond [x] weeks requires written notification stating the intended processing route.

Evidencia solicitada: Site name, permit, storage notification.

Verificación: Site and permit checked before removal starts.

Modo de fallo abordado: Material disappears into unpermitted stockpiles.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

mass balance

Mass balance obligation

The processor shall provide a mass balance for the delivered material stating the tonnage received, the tonnage of each output fraction, the residue tonnage and the destination of each fraction. The sum of the reported outputs and residues shall reconcile with the tonnage received.

Evidencia solicitada: Weighing tickets, mass balance statement.

Verificación: Reconciliation against consignment notes.

Modo de fallo abordado: Output tonnages are reported without residues.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

Recycler declaration

The processor shall issue a declaration stating what was received, what was produced, what the output was specified for and to whom it was transferred. Declarations that state only that material was recycled shall not be accepted.

Evidencia solicitada: Signed declaration with tonnages and off-takers.

Verificación: Cross-check with the mass balance.

Modo de fallo abordado: A recycling certificate with no underlying data.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

removal

Separation at removal

The removal method shall keep turf, infill and shockpad as separate fractions unless the contractor demonstrates in advance that separation is technically impossible, in which case the reason shall be recorded.

Evidencia solicitada: Removal method statement, photographs, weighing tickets.

Verificación: Site inspection during removal.

Modo de fallo abordado: Everything leaves the site as one mixed load.

Example wording only. Not legal advice; adapt to national procurement law and have it checked locally.

07

Casos de contratación pública

Ningún caso de contratación pública publicado todavía. Los casos se añaden solo con evidencia documentada de licitación y resultado.

08

Biblioteca de documentos de licitación

Ningún documento de licitación publicado todavía. Los documentos se listan solo cuando la fuente es pública y el enlace es estable.

09

Inteligencia municipal

Ningún perfil municipal publicado todavía.

10

Secciones conectadas

Las decisiones de contratación se leen junto con los datos de materiales, instalaciones y países.